Research

The United States in Venezuela II—How to Sabotage an Oil State

How outsourcing Venezuela’s technological infrastructure established the blueprint for weaponized interdependence

Jan 12 • Justin Kollar

The United States in Venezuela I—How to Build an Oil Empire

How legal architecture, elite collaboration, and U.S. firms locked Venezuela into a century-long extractive order

Jan 8 • Justin Kollar

Semiconductors, Sprawl, and the Making of Arizona’s Techno-State

From Cold War defense plants to CHIPS subsidies, how speculative growth politics now serve global chip manufacturing

Nov 28, 2025 • Justin Kollar

Amazon’s Energy Empire in the Pacific Northwest

Behind (and Beyond) the Growth in Renewables

Mar 5, 2025 • Justin Kollar

How Google is Reshaping a Small Oregon Town

Water, Power, and Tax Breaks in The Dalles’ Data Center Boom

Feb 25, 2025 • Justin Kollar

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